They develop during the early stages of fetal growth, when the tissues that form the outer ear are coming together. If that process does not fully close in one small area, a narrow opening or tiny channel can remain near the front of the ear.

Some people have a preauricular pit on only one side, while others may have one on both ears.

In certain families, the feature can be inherited, meaning more than one relative may have it. But it can also appear in people with no known family history.

For most people, a preauricular pit is simply a normal anatomical variation.

It is not automatically a sign of illness.

In fact, many people live with one for years without ever experiencing symptoms or even thinking much about it.

Most of the time, no treatment is needed.

The main issue arises when bacteria enter the small tract beneath the skin.

If that happens, the area can become infected.

Possible warning signs include redness, swelling, tenderness, pain, or fluid draining from the opening.

In some cases, pus may appear.

If the infection becomes more serious, fever or a painful lump may also develop.

When this happens, a healthcare professional may prescribe antibiotics.

If an abscess forms, the area may need to be drained.

People who develop repeated infections may eventually be referred for surgery to remove the small tract under the skin, which can reduce the chance of the problem returning.

The good news is that preauricular pits usually do not interfere with hearing.

Most people who have them have normal ear function and never develop any major complications.

In rare situations, however, a doctor may recommend additional evaluation—especially if the pit appears alongside other unusual physical findings, hearing problems, or additional congenital features.

For everyday care, it is generally best not to squeeze, poke, or try to clean deep inside the opening.

Keeping the surrounding skin clean is usually enough.

Medical advice is a good idea if the area becomes painful, swollen, repeatedly infected, continuously drains fluid, or develops a rapidly growing lump.

Otherwise, that tiny opening near the ear is often nothing more than a small feature someone was born with.

It may look mysterious, but in most cases, a preauricular pit is harmless and requires no treatment at all.